Historical record Record 1999-001

1999 World Events · Post-Cold War transition and asymmetric shock

NATO intervention in Kosovo and bombing of Yugoslavia

NATO launched an air campaign to stop Serbian repression in Kosovo, testing humanitarian intervention without explicit Security Council authorization and reshaping European security debates.

Evidence-led reading

What is stated, why it matters, and what remains uncertain

What this is

A specific-event record selected from the protected World Events source ledger for cross-year research. It is not an exhaustive account of 1999.

Why it matters

It hardened Russia-West grievances, accelerated NATO transformation, and influenced future intervention doctrine.

What is established here

The page faithfully exposes the submitted record and its source boundary. No claim-level evidence packet has yet upgraded the record beyond a research starting point.

What remains uncertain

Starting-point source from the submitted dataset; verify exact dates, attribution, legal posture, casualty figures, and current status before reuse.

Record narrative

Source-bounded summary

NATO launched an air campaign to stop Serbian repression in Kosovo, testing humanitarian intervention without explicit Security Council authorization and reshaping European security debates.

Why the ledger includes it

It hardened Russia-West grievances, accelerated NATO transformation, and influenced future intervention doctrine.

Structured fields

Record at a glance

Stable record ID
1999-001
Date or period
1999-03-24 to 1999-06-10
Type
Military campaign
Focus
Military
Impact scope
Continental
Priority
5 of 5
Location label
Belgrade, Serbia / Kosovo
Coordinate precision
City-level coordinate
Actors named by the source record
NATO; Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; Kosovo Albanian forces
Verification state
source-start-point; sensitive details require independent verification

Geographic context

A coordinate locator, not a surveyed event footprint

The submitted record supplies 44.7866, 20.4489 with the precision label “City-level coordinate.” Multi-location events, disputed borders, campaigns, and broad regions cannot be reduced to one point.

Review location and coordinate boundaries
Global coordinate grid for NATO intervention in Kosovo and bombing of Yugoslavia An abstract longitude and latitude grid marking the record coordinate. It is not a political map or a surveyed event boundary.
180°WPrime meridian / equator grid180°E

Source and verification boundary

This remains a starting-point record

Starting-point source from the submitted dataset; verify exact dates, attribution, legal posture, casualty figures, and current status before reuse.

Citation and correction

Use the stable record ID and challenge individual propositions

A correction may concern the date, place, actors, attribution, legal status, figures, coordinate precision, source characterization, or why-pivotal summary without invalidating every other field.

Suggested citation

2IA — International Intelligence Archive. “NATO intervention in Kosovo and bombing of Yugoslavia.” World Events record 1999-001. Reviewed July 27, 2026. https://2ix.org/world-events/1999/1999-001/